ПОЗНАВАТЕЛЬНОЕ

Оси и плоскости тела человека - Тело человека состоит из определенных топографических частей и участков, в которых расположены органы, мышцы, сосуды, нервы и т.д.

Отёска стен и прирубка косяков - Когда на доме не достаёт окон и дверей, красивое высокое крыльцо ещё только в воображении, приходится подниматься с улицы в дом по трапу.

Дифференциальные уравнения второго порядка (модель рынка с прогнозируемыми ценами) - В простых моделях рынка спрос и предложение обычно полагают зависящими только от текущей цены на товар.

По практикуму иностранного языка (английский) в сфере профессиональной коммуникации.

Установочная сессия для студентов ОЗО 2курса (4 семестр)

по предмету

«Практикум иностранного языка в сфере профессиональной коммуникации»

1. Контрольная работа по предмету «Практикум иностранного языка в сфере профессиональной коммуникации прилагается– вариант контрольной тот же, что и в предыдущих семестрах. Оформление выполняется в таком же формате как и раньше, но нужно обязательно! Указать название предмета на титульном листе контрольной (на информационном листочке). Контрольная работа защищается в том же формате, что и раньше.

2. Аудиторный текст по практикуму иностранного языка переводятся на сессии на занятиях.

Контрольная работа

По практикуму иностранного языка (английский) в сфере профессиональной коммуникации.

Вариант 1

Задание № 1. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The study of economics will help you to understand economic laws.

2. Market economy is sometimes called free-enterprise system.

3. Competition refers to the rivalry among sellers.

4. We have noted that competition benefits the public by rewarding those who use resources efficiently.

Задание №2.Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения. Помните, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям

1. The sellers want the buyers to buy the goods at higher prices.

2. He was supposed to do all the calculations for the conference which was to begin on Tuesday.

3. The secretary watched the businessmen sign the contract.

4. Mr. Russell was known to have his own opinion on this matter.

Задание №3.Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык условные предложения. Определите тип условных предложений.

1. If the demand for computers grows the firm will increase their production.

2. If he works longer in management he would acquire more experience.

3. If you had thought of buying something on credit you would have opened an account at the bank.

Задание № 4.Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст на русский язык

Productivity

Productivity is a measure of the efficiency of production. Productivity is a ratio of what is produced to what is required to produce it. Usually this ratio is in the form of an average, expressing the total output divided by the total input. Productivity is a measure of output from a production process, per unit of input.

At the national level, productivity growth raises living standards because more real income improves people's ability to purchase goods and services, enjoy leisure, improve housing and education and contribute to social and environmental programs. Productivity growth is important to the firm because it means that the firm can meet its obligations to customers, suppliers, workers, shareholders, and governments (taxes and regulation), and still remain competitive or even improve its competitiveness in the market place.

Productivity is measured as GDP per hour worked. Economic well-being is created in a production process. Production means, in a broad sense, all economic activities that aim directly or indirectly to satisfy human needs. The degree to which the needs are satisfied is often accepted as a measure of economic well-being. The satisfaction of needs originates from the use of the commodities which are produced. The need satisfaction increases when the quality-price-ratio of the commodities improves and more satisfaction is achieved at less cost.

The need satisfaction also increases due to the growth of incomes that are gained from the more efficient production. The most important forms of production are market production, public production and production in households.

Задание №5. Прочитайте предпоследний абзац и вопрос к нему. Найдите в тексте ответ, выпишите и переведите его.

What is a measure of economic well-being?

a) the degree to which people feel happy

b) the degree to which the needs are satisfied

c) the degree to which the goods and services are sold

Контрольная работа

По практикуму иностранного языка (английский) в сфере профессиональной коммуникации.

Вариант 2

1. Companies are limited by their profits, savings and borrowing power.

2. As you have guessed, the force that we are describing is price.

3. In 1929 total government purchases of goods and services accounted for $8.5 billion.

4.The survey results were illustrating the law of demand in action.

1. The businessmen were supposed to arrive on the 9 o’clock train.

2. If producers expect prices to grow in the future they will increase their production now.

3. The delegation of foreign businessmen was seen to enter the building.

4.The secretary heard the Chairman enter the office.

1. Some people will buy more than one ice cream cone if the price is low enough.

2. If he were interested in setting up a business he would begin to save money.

3. If the entrepreneurs had found enough money he would have begun to look for the premises of his company.

Задание №4. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст на русский язык

Joint venture

A joint venture is a business agreement in which parties agree to develop, for a finite time, a new entity and new assets by contributing equity. They exercise control over the enterprise and consequently share revenues, expenses and assets. There are other types of companies such as JV limited by guarantee, joint ventures limited by guarantee with partners holding shares.

When two or more persons come together to form a temporary partnership for the purpose of carrying out a particular project, such partnership can also be called a joint venture where the parties are "co-ventures".

The venture can be for one specific project only - when the JV is referred to more correctly as a consortium (as the building of the Channel Tunnel) - or a continuing business relationship. The consortium JV (also known as a cooperative agreement) is formed where one party seeks technological expertise or technical service arrangements, franchise and brand use agreements, management contracts, rental agreements, for ‘‘one-time’’ contracts. The JV is dissolved when that goal is reached.

A joint venture takes place when two parties come together to take on one project. In a joint venture, both parties are equally invested in the project in terms of money, time, and effort to build on the original concept. While joint ventures are generally small projects, major corporations also use this method in order to diversify. A joint venture can ensure the success of smaller projects for those that are just starting in the business world or for established corporations. Since the cost of starting new projects is generally high, a joint venture allows both parties to share the burden of the project, as well as the resulting profits.

Задание №5. Прочитайте последний абзац и вопрос к нему. Найдите в тексте ответ, выпишите и переведите его.

Why is a joint venture beneficial for small starting businesses?

1. A joint venture allows both parties to share the burden and the profits of the project.

2. A joint venture allows partners to take a larger loan in a bank.

3. A joint venture allows both partners not to pay taxes.

Контрольная работа

по практикуму иностранного языка (английский) в сфере профессиональной коммуникации.

Вариант 3

1. The study of economics will help you to deal with economic problems successfully.

2. The advantages of private property were summarized by Adam Smith.

3. Profit is what remains after the costs of production have been deduced from sales.

4. We also found out that different nations have created different economic systems.

1. The marketing manager was expected to make the report about the results of the recent market research.

2. The representatives of the firm wanted us to discuss all the point today.

3. Mr. Eden is known to be a competent manager.

4. The secretary watched the representatives of the foreign firm look through the documents.

1. If you asked the farmers how much it cost them to rent the land they would answer “$150 an acre”.

2. Id demand decreases, supply will decrease too.

3. If the sales of ice cream cones had begun at $1, prices would not have changed at all.

Задание №4.Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст на русский язык

Price

Price is the quantity of payment or compensation given by one party to another in return for goods or services.

In modern economies, prices are generally expressed in units of some form of currency. (For commodities, they are expressed as currency per unit weight of the commodity.) Although prices could be quoted as quantities of other goods or services this sort of barter exchange is rarely seen. Prices are sometimes quoted in terms of vouchers such as trading stamps and air miles. In some circumstances, cigarettes have been used as currency, for example in prisons, in times of hyperinflation, and in some places during World War 2. In the black economy, barter is also relatively common.

In many financial transactions, it is customary to quote prices in other ways. The most obvious example is in pricing a loan, when the cost will be expressed as the percentage rate of interest. The total amount of interest payable depends upon the loan amount and the period of the loan. Other examples can be found in pricing financial derivatives and other financial assets. For instance the price of inflation-linked government securities in several countries is quoted as the actual price divided by a factor representing inflation since the security was issued.

Price sometimes refers to the quantity of payment requested by a seller of goods or services, rather than the eventual payment amount. This requested amount is often called the asking price or selling price, while the actual payment may be called the transaction price or traded price. Likewise, the bid price or buying price is the quantity of payment offered by a buyer of goods or services, although this meaning is more common in asset or financial markets than in consumer markets.

Economists sometimes define price more generally as the ratio of the quantities of goods that are exchanged for each other.

Задание №5. Прочитайте последний абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Найдите в тексте ответ, выпишите и переведите его.

What is the requested payment quoted by the seller called ?

1. buying price

2. selling price

3. transaction price

Контрольная работа