ПОЗНАВАТЕЛЬНОЕ

Оси и плоскости тела человека - Тело человека состоит из определенных топографических частей и участков, в которых расположены органы, мышцы, сосуды, нервы и т.д.

Отёска стен и прирубка косяков - Когда на доме не достаёт окон и дверей, красивое высокое крыльцо ещё только в воображении, приходится подниматься с улицы в дом по трапу.

Дифференциальные уравнения второго порядка (модель рынка с прогнозируемыми ценами) - В простых моделях рынка спрос и предложение обычно полагают зависящими только от текущей цены на товар.

Complete the text with the correct form of the words in brackets.

In March 2011, two talented Australian students, John and Andrew, both aged 15, 1_____ (win) the national RoboCupJunior competition which 2_____ (hold) in Canberra. The pair 3_____ (construct) robots for over three years, and their combined knowledge meant their project was of an exceptionally high standard. So high, in fact, that none of the other competitors who 4_____ (enter) in their age group could match their level. After winning the Australian finals, the boys 5_____ (decide) to travel to Istanbul to take part in the international RoboCupJunior 6_____(compete). However, it soon became clear that they 7_____ (not, have) enough money and that they 8_____ (not be) able to go without the help of a sponsor. After sending nearly 200 emails to businesses across the world, their efforts 9_____ (reward) when they successfully secured a generous sponsorship. The company which decided to support them felt they 10_____ (demonstrate) great ambition and ingenuity, as well as determination in 11_____(find) a sponsor. But perhaps their greatest reward was the success they achieved at those championships by 12_____ (win) the RoboCupJunior Rescue B category.

Complete the text with the correct words (a-d).

The world keeps 1______ at an unbelievable rate. If you 2_____ me twenty years ago that I would be buying music online and not on CDs, I wouldn't have believed you. I 3 ___ you were crazy. But now, we're buying more music online 4____ in shops, and soon CDs will be as 5 ____ as vinyl records. I 6 _____if the same thing will happen with books. In the past, if I had gone travelling without a book I 7_____lost. But now, I always take my electronic reader on my trips and I 8______a paper book for ages. The reader means I can take over a hundred books with me wherever I go, and it's lighter than a single book. I obviously 9 ____ having the real book in my hand, but for convenience, the electronic reader is great. I don't have to waste time 10 ____ to the bookshop or waiting for books 11_____. I can download new books in seconds and I am ready to go. It makes me 12 ____ that in twenty years' time we might not have paper books at all.

1 a changing b change c changed d to change

2 a have told b told c had told d had been told

3 a 'd have b had thought c have thought d 'd think

thought

4 a then b than c after d but

5 a ordinary b rare c common d average

6 a notice b suggest c believe d wonder

7 a would b would feel c always feel d was feeling

have felt

8 a didn't read b 'm not reading c haven't read d don't read

9 a fail b neglect c omit d miss

10 a going b to go c in going d go

11 a to deliver b deliver c to be delivered d to be delivering

12 a think b to think c thought d thinking

Complete the email with a suitable form of the verbs in brackets. Sometimes there is more than one answer.

Hi there Maria,

Thanks for your email and your invitation to visit. When I told my parents that you 1 _____ (invite) me to stay, they were very pleased. They said that they 2 _____ (pay) for my flight and they asked me when I 3 _____ (want) to visit you. In your email you didn't say when I 4 ____ (can) come, so I'm writing to organise the dates. Actually, I’m going to be quite busy this summer because I've got a holiday job. I 5____ (look after) my neighbour's children in July and part of August while their parents are at work. Then at the end of August I’m going on holiday with my family. Why don't I visit you at the end of June? Term 6 __ _(finish) on 22nd June, so I 7 _____ (do) all my exams by then. I'm finding history very difficult this year, so I think I 8____ (fail) my history exam. If I 9_____ (not pass) it, I'll have to do it again at the end of the summer; which means I 10____ (study) during the first week of September.

If the last week of June is OK for you, I 11____ (book) a flight and tell you what time I 12____ (arrive). Do you think you could pick me up from the airport?

Write soon and tell me what you think.

Best wishes

Katrina

USE OF ENGLISH

A design student has created a 'walking chair' which he hopes will one day help 1_____(able) people to get around more 2_____ (easy). Its 21-year-old 3_____(create), Martin Harris, said the machine operates like a conventional electric wheelchair, with one important 4_____(different). Instead of wheels, Harris' 5_____(invent) has got six metal legs on each side. This gives the 6____(use) far greater 7_____(free) of movement. The chair can be 8_____ (use) indoors while also having the 9_____(able) to cross soft surfaces such as sand or grass, which can prove difficult for wheelchairs. Harris came up with the idea after being 10_____(inspire) by the 'walking sculptures' of Dutch 11_____(art) and engineer Theo Jansen, 12____(who) giant skeletons can walk across beaches.

15 Complete the text with the correct form of the words given.

Some of the most 1____________ (elegance) fashions are on display every year on the French Riviera, at the Cannes Film Festival.

And this year is no different. Right now, Hollywood celebrities 2____________ (wear) beautiful dresses inspired by the sea.

These have a 3____________ (drama) fish-tail shape, which is tight around the waist and hips, but then4____________ (get) wider from the knee and finishes with a beautiful, long, flowing train, similar to a wedding dress.

These fish-tail style dresses, which were first popular during the Hollywood golden era, seemed 5____________ (be) making a comeback at the Golden Globes film ceremony in January, when many actresses decided 6____________ (choose) the style.

The style is quite 7____________ (fashion) as it dates back to the late nineteenth century, when a British designer made dresses with an 8____________ (conventional) shape, which touched the top of the feet at the front and flowed along the ground at the back.

During the 1950s, it became the design that stars like Marilyn Monroe enjoyed 9____________ (show off) their curves in.

‘After years of women being expected 10____________ (fit) into pencil-thin dresses, a more womanly shape is returning in Hollywood,’ says fashion expert Clare Adams.

‘Currently, fashion 11____________ (react) to today’s changing attitudes with dresses such as the 12____________ (style) fish-tail design we see this year in Cannes.’

16 Complete the text with the correct form of the words given.

The most amazing fashions are on display every year on the French Riviera, at the Cannes Film Festival.

And this year seems 1____________ (be) no different, with Hollywood celebrities in wonderful dresses2__________ (inspire) by the sea.

These have a dramatic fish-tail shape, which is tight around the waist and hips, but then gets3____________ (wide) from the knee and finishes with an 4____________ (elegance) long, flowing train, similar to a wedding dress.

The style is quite 5____________ (fashion) as it dates back to the late nineteenth century, when a British designer made dresses with an 6____________ (conventional) shape, which touched the top of the feet at the front and flowed along the ground at the back.

However, the style was at its most popular during the 1950s, when it became the design that stars like Marilyn Monroe chose when they felt like 7____________ (show off) their curves.

Then, at the Golden Globes film ceremony in January this year, it seemed 8____________ (be) making a comeback. Now, with every big-name designer expected 9____________ (have) one in their collection, they are the look of the year.

‘At last, women are refusing 10____________ (wear) pencil-thin dresses, and currently we 11____________ (see) the welcome return of a more womanly shape in Hollywood,’ says fashion expert Clare Adams. ‘Recent fashions have reflected women’s changing attitudes, and designers are producing dresses which celebrate curves such as the 12____________ (style) fish-tail dresses we’ve seen here in Cannes this year.’

17 Complete the text with the correct form of the words given.

In the past, I 1____ be really keen on motorbikes, and one summer, when I 2____ seventeen, a biker friend 3____ me to join him at a motorbike festival in Wales. He said that we could camp at the festival and that he had plenty of room in his tent for me.

We got up early on the Saturday morning and got on our motorbikes for the five-hour drive to Wales. My bike was going well 4____ first, but then it 5____ broke down. I 6____ that I didn’t have enough petrol in my bike before we left home. I had to push my bike to the next petrol station, which was about three miles away! After about an hour, we reached the petrol station and filled up my bike! Then we7____ on our long journey to the festival.

When we turned8____ at the campsite near the festival, it 9____ hard and really cold. So I was really 10____ when I found out that my friend’s tent was only a two-person tent, and he 11____ sixteen people to stay in it! Luckily, one of the other people had brought another, larger tent, so there was enough room for us all, 12____ the end!

1. A use B use to C used D used to

2. A had been B was C am D have been

3. A had invited B invited C was invited D was inviting

4. A at B by C in D to

5. A initially B finally C fortunately D suddenly

6. A didn’t realise B hadnt realised C had realised D realised

7. Acontinued B had continued C have continued D hadn’t continued

8. A down B into C out D up

9. A had rained B rained C raining D was raining

10. A ashamed B embarrassed C guilty D irritated

11. A asked B had asked C was asked D was asking

12. A by B for C in D with

18 Complete the text. Choose the correct answers, A, B, C or D.

When I was young, I 1____ be really into motorbikes, and one summer, a biker friend 2____ me if I wanted to join him at a motorbike festival in Wales. He said that we could camp at the festival and that he had plenty of room in his tent for me.

My friend turned 3____ early at my house on Saturday morning, and we got on our motorbikes for the five-hour ride to Wales. My bike4____ well at first. I 5____ the scenery as we rode along the road, when suddenly my bike broke down. After about an hour, I managed to fix it, so I felt quite proud 6____ myself! Then we continued on our long journey to the festival.

When we 7____ at the campsite near the festival, it was raining hard and really cold. So I was really 8____ when I found out that my friend 9____ the tent! I was 10____ that I would have to spend the night sleeping outside in the rain! 11____ , one of the other people at the campsite12____ an extra tent, so we borrowed that, in the end!

1. A use B use to C used D used to

2. A asked B had asked C was asked D was asking

3. A up B into C out D down

4. A was going B had gone Cwent Dhas gone

5. A enjoyed B had enjoyed C enjoying D was enjoying

6. A about B at C of D with

7. A arrived B had arrived C arriving D were arriving

8. A ashamed B irritated C guilty D embarrassed

9. A forgot B had forgotten C was forgetting D was forgotten

10. A afraid B confused C relieved D satisfied

11. A Eventually B Finally C Fortunately D Suddenly

12. A brought B had brought Chave brought D were bringing

19 Complete the text with an appropriate word in each gap.

Later this year, sixteen-year-old Kayla Heard will become the youngest graduate from Washington State University. Kayla, 1____________ could talk when she was one, graduated from high school when she2_____ ten. However, now she studiesat home, 3____________ sheaccesses her social sciences course through WSU Online.

Hard-workingKayla, 4____________ parents felt it wouldn't be good to send her to a university while she was still very young, is grateful 5____________ the opportunity to study at home. “I want to continue my education online because of the convenience,” Kayla says. “And, 6____________ my view, the classes online are slightly more challenging than the ones at university. Later on, I plan to get a Master's degree when I'm working, so I can get some classroom experience at that time, 7____________ necessary.”

Kayla's mother Marlyn, 8____________ knew Kayla9____________ different at an early age, says, “When she was a baby, she respected paper. She didn't tear it up, 10____________ is quite unusual. She looked at the pictures or writing on it, as if she wanted to know what it said. 11____________ the other hand, when my son was a baby, he put the paper in his mouth!”

Kayla has already passed the law school entry test, so she is going to spend the summer applyingto different law schools. Kayla, 12____________ enjoys travelling and learning about foreign cultures, says she’s interested in doing an online course in international law. She also says she wants to work abroad, possibly in Asia.

20 Complete the text with an appropriate word in each gap.

Kayla Heard from Washington, 1____________ could read when she was eighteen months old, began college when she2____ eleven. Hard-workingKayla, 3____________ parents felt it wouldn’t be good to send her to a university at such a young age, gets her educationat home. Sheis studying for her social sciences degree through WSU Online, and will become the youngest graduate from Washington State University this May.

Kayla is grateful 4____________ the opportunity to study at home. “At the moment, I want to continue my degree online because of the safety. And, 5____________ my opinion, the classes online are slightly more challenging than the ones at university, 6____________ is another good reason to study at home,” says Kayla. “Later on, I plan to get a Master's degree when I7____________ working, so I can get some classroom experience at that time, 8____________ necessary.”

“When she was a baby, she respected paper,” says Kayla's mother Marlyn. “She didn't tear it up, 9____________ was surprising. She looked at the pictures or writing on it, as if she wanted to know what it said. 10____________ the other hand, my son is more like a normal child. When he was a baby, he put the paper in his mouth!”

Kayla, 11____________ has already passed the law school entry test, is going to spend the summer applyingto different law schools. She also says she wants to work abroad, possibly in Hong Kong, 12____________ she wants to learn Chinese.

21 Complete the text. Choose the correct answers, A, B, C or D.

If you are planning to go to Japan on holiday, you should 1____ yourself to one or two nights at a Buddhist temple. Staying in these temples gives you the chance to2____ both historic and remote areas of Japan. They don’t 3____ to foreign visitors, who can experience the life of a Buddhist monk in a unique way.

Zen Buddhism 4____ in Japan since 1191, when it 5____ from China. However, interest in Zen Buddhism 6____ in Japan for the last 60 years, while it 7____ more popular in the West. As a result, many people come to Japan so 8____ they can learn more about it. Staying at a temple is a unique and inspiring experience and is sure to be one of the highlights of any 9____ to Japan.

In the past, in 10____ to join a Japanese temple you had to sit at the front gate for three days without sleeping. Now, all you need to do is make a phone call or write an e-mail! You will often have the chance to join meditation sessions both11____ the evening and the morning. For dinner you will be served a Buddhist meal, which is healthy and delicious, if you don’t 12____ having no meat, no fish, no spices, no onions and no garlic!

1. A book B give C show D treat

2. Ato visit Bto travel C to go Dto come

3. A object B play C study D turn

4. A existed B has existed C was existing D has been existing

5. A arrived B has arrived C was arriving D has been arriving

6. A declines B declined C was declining D has been declining

7. A gets B got C was getting D has been getting

8. A for B order C that D to

9. A event B stay C trip D tourist

10. A for B order C so D that

11. Aon B in C at D __

12. A reserve B recommend C matter D mind

22 Complete the text. Choose the correct answers, A, B, C or D.

Zen Buddhism 1____ in Japan since 1191, when it 2____ from China. Recently, however, interest in Zen Buddhism 3____ in Japan for the last 60 years, while it 4____ more popular in the West. As a result, many visitors come 5____ Japan to learn more about this fascinating religion and country.

If you are planning a 6____ to Japan, you should 7____ yourself to one or two nights staying in a Buddhist temple. Staying in these temples gives you the chance to visit both historic and remote areas of Japan. The temples don’t 8____ to foreign visitors, who can experience the life of a Buddhist monk in a unique way.

In the past, you had to sit at the front gate for three days without sleeping so 9____ you could join a Japanese temple. Now, all you need to do is make a phone call or write an e-mail! Guests must, of course, follow some religious rules, which may include a special diet, and meditation or silence during certain periods of the day.

Many temples also have beautiful Japanese gardens, which were developed in 10____ to find the truths of the universe through their designs, like the famous dry stone or sand gardens.

A temple stay can be arranged all year round. The winter is, of course, very cold, but if you don’t 11____ the low temperatures, then this can be one of the best times to visit, with very few tourists and12____ wonderful atmosphere.

1. A existed B has existed C was existing D has been existing

2. A arrived B has arrived C was arriving D has been arriving

3. A declines B declined C was declining D has been declining

4. A gets B got C was getting D has been getting

5. Ain B at C to D ___

6. A visitor B stay C trip D tour

7. A book B give C show D treat

8. A object B play C study D turn

9. A for B order C that D to

10. A for B order C so D that

11. A object B recommend C matter D mind

12. Athe Ba C an D ___

23 Complete the text. Choose the correct answers, A, B, C or D.

Self – cooling clothes may seem1____ the stuff of science fiction, but one Japanese company2____created such products by3____fans to shirts and jackets. Shirts and jackets4____Kuchou-fuku keep the wearer comfortable5____in sweltering heat. And they are also environmentally friendly as they use just one-fiftieth6____ the energy of small air-conditioner units which cool entire rooms. The company7____ about 5,500 of the garments 8____ they9____ on sale three years ago, mostly to factory workers. But 10____ cool the clothes are, they seem unlikely 11____very popular. The fans fill the shirts with air, making the wearers look a bit fat. “My daughter won’t wear them because the shape is no good’, admitted Hiroshi Ichigaya, 12____works for the company that produces the clothes.

1. A similar B like C as D to

2. A will have B has C have D having

3. A add B to add C adding D added

4. A make B making C makes D made

5. Aalthough B even C however D despite

6. A of B to C than D for

7. A has sold B sold C sell D is selling

8. A when B while C for D since

9. A go B went C had gone D has gone

10. A whatever B however C how D although

11. A to become B become C becoming D became

12. A which B that C who D whose

24 Complete the text. Choose the correct answers, A, B, C or D.

Maria’s homecoming

When the bus (1) ____ in a small square, Maria(2) ____ her magazine and didn’t realize that she(3)____ at her destination. ‘This is Santa Teresa,’ Martin said. ‘(4)____ home! I suppose your cousin (5)____ for us. Come on. (6) ____ the bags.’ Maria thought, ‘All those years when I (7)____ in New York, I (8) ____ of this moment. And now it’s real, I can’t believe it! Here I am, (9) ____ in the square’. Santa Teresa was Maria’s birthplace, but she (10) ____ the town at the age of six. She had some memories of the town, and some photos, but (11) ____ here stil? She (12)____.

1. A has stopped B stops C stopped D was stopped

2. A was reading B read C had read D used to read

3. A arrived B arrives C has arrived D had arrived

4. A You arrive B You’re arriving C You’ve been arriving D You’re arrived

5. Awaits B will be waiting C has waited D is going to wait

6. A I’ll carry B I carry C I’ve carried D I carried

7. A live B have lived C was living D am living

8. A dream B am dreaming C used to dream D will dream

9. A I really stand B I was really standing C I had really stood D I’m really standing

10. A was leaving B had left C used to leave D has left

11. A will she belong B did she belong C has she belonged D does she belong

12. A wasn’t knowing B hasn’t known C hadn’t known D didn’t know

25 Decide which answer (A, B, C, D) best fits the space.

Making arrangements with Paul

A few days ago Paul phoned me and (1)____ whether I (2)____ looking after his dog when he (3)____ away. I (4)____ that I didn’t really like dogs, but he said that he (5)____ all his other friends, and that I (6)____ his only hope. He invited me round to his house (7)____ to meet the dog, and he told me that he (8)____ dinner for me. An hour later he phoned again and said that he(9)____ after all, so I(10)____ meeting the following day for lunch. The next morning he cancelled this appointment and, after he (11)____ , said that he(12)____ the dog to my house at 6.00 ‘ I don’t know exactly.

1. A told B said me C asked me D spoke

2. A would mind B want C like D will help

3. A has gone B went C would go D will go

4. A told him B said him C asked him D replied him

5. Aasks B would ask C will ask D had already asked

6. A am B will be C had been D was

7. A this evening B that evening C the evening D in evening

8. A is cooking B will cook C would cook D had cooked

9. A had to go out B went out C goes out D has to go out

10. A had suggested B would suggest C suggested D suggest

11. A has done B told me sorry C asked D had apologized

12. A would bring B had brought C brought D brings