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Оси и плоскости тела человека - Тело человека состоит из определенных топографических частей и участков, в которых расположены органы, мышцы, сосуды, нервы и т.д.

Отёска стен и прирубка косяков - Когда на доме не достаёт окон и дверей, красивое высокое крыльцо ещё только в воображении, приходится подниматься с улицы в дом по трапу.

Дифференциальные уравнения второго порядка (модель рынка с прогнозируемыми ценами) - В простых моделях рынка спрос и предложение обычно полагают зависящими только от текущей цены на товар.

Анализ романа С. Моэма «Луна и грош» (Практикум по домашнему чтению). Авторы: Иванова Ю.В., Жорова А.Н., редактор: В авторской редакции

предисловие

Данное учебное пособие выполнено на основе анализа С. Моэма «Луна и грош». Назначение пособия – обеспечить планомерное руководство самостоятельной и аудиторной деятельностью студентов, направленной на глубокое изучение читаемого художественного произведения, оценку его идейно-художественного достоинства и его обсуждение по частям и в целом с применением смыслового анализа. Цель пособия – помочь студентам достичь более глубокого понимания произведения и обеспечить реализацию этого понимания в речевой деятельности. Пособие состоит из 7 частей (Sections), каждая часть предлагает активный вокабуляр (Active Words and Word Combinations). Слова и словосочетания активного вокабуляра рассчитаны на активное усвоение. Каждая часть пособия включает упражнения по переводу предложений с английского языка на русский, с русского на английский, упражнения на перифраз и подстановку активных лексических единиц. Эти упражнения направлены на активизацию вокабуляра и стимулирование употребления активного вокабуляра в ситуациях, отличных от тех, в которых он фигурирует в тексте. В пособие также входят упражнения по развитию навыков устной речи, которые способствуют пониманию романа, его идейно-тематического содержания и основных образов. В каждой части пособия содержится материал для обсуждения прочитанного, включающий в себя пересказ, постепенно уступающий место творческим видам работы, реализуемым в неподготовленной речи. Работа по данному пособию предполагает привлечение дополнительных сведений из таких областей знаний, как искусство и литература, что способствует расширению кругозора студентов.

SECTION I

Chapters I–VII (pp. 21–40)

Active Vocabulary

Words

1. authentic (adj) 2. commonplace (adj) 3. genius (n) 4. lion hunter (n) 5. philistine (n) 6. ingenuity (n) 7. tedious (adj)

Word – combinations

1. to throw light on smth. 2. to screw up one’s courage 3. a man of the world 4. to bore smb to death 5. to take revenge on 6. to whitewash smb. 7. to be an object of ridicule

Exercises

I. Study the words of the active vocabulary and find sentences in the text in which they are used.Translate them into Russian. II. Study the word-combinations of the active vocabulary and recall the situations from the text in which they are used. III. Translate the following sentences into Russian: 1. “ …I knew, that your aims and ideas were vulgar and commonplace…I knew you were second-rate.” (I. Murdoch) 2. My friends pursued their course with uneventfulness; they had no longer any surprises for me, and when I met them, I knew pretty well, what they would say, even their love-affairs had a tedious banality. (S.Maugham) 3. A policeman explained in a grudging way, that a house had been set fire to that night. The security of a large family fell in like a card house. Now the police were trying to throw light on this villainous crime. (I. Murdoch) 4. Before he could screw up his courage to enter the room, his ear caught the sound of approaching footsteps. (P.G. Wodehouse) 5. Paul felt very much a man of the world as he paid his bill, calculated the correct tip and sat back in the open cab on his way to the old part of the town. (E.Waugh) 6. “ Probably, there’ll be nobody at Mrs. Carfry’s –London’s a desert at this season, and we’ll be bored to death, I’m afraid,” Archer said to May, who sat at his side. (E. Wharton) IV. Fill in the blanks with the words and word-combinations of the active vocabulary. Translate them into Russian. 1. It was impossible for a wounded man to ….. and bear such a strong pain, but he made a great effort not to groan. 2. No one could suppose that Mr. Strickland, being a ……..as his wife called him, would turn into a …………after all. 3. The case is no ordinary one. I beg you, Mr. Poirot to ……….. 4. “ If you are going to dwell on such…….topics at her party, you’ll become ………for the whole company!” 5. “ He’s hurt my feelings!”- cried the girl bitterly, “ don’t try to …….him, I’ll ……………on him, I swear!” V. Paraphrase the following sentences, using the active words and word-combinations: 1. “ How could you possibly take this strange sign for a real signature of the hotel owner?!” 2. It’s only decent to warn you that his lecture is going to be rather long and boring. 3. “ To follow film or pop stars for an interview or just a single photo is not my hobby”- she sniffed contemptuously. 4. She was rather shy, and doubted very much, that one day she would go so far as to come and make acquaintance with this young, noble and sociable man. 5. With a touch of envy I looked around the sitting-room. Originality of design of the hostess’s taste was evident. VI. Give a written translation of the paragraph, beginning with: “When in an hour they crowded…” up to “…sink into the grave.”pp.39-40 VII. Find in the text passages in which the author speaks about art and artists. Comment on them. VIII. Answer the following questions: 1. What did the critics write about Strickland after his death? 2. What did you learn of the narrator? Why did he set down his recollections of Strickland? 3. How did the narrator make his acquaintance with Mrs. Strickland? Why did he like her? 4. Under what circumstances was the narrator introduced to Mr. Strickland? What was his impression of the man? 5. Why did the narrator feel a touch of envy while thinking about the Stricklands’ family life? IX. Discuss the characters of: a)the narrator as a young man, b) Mrs. Strickland, c) Mr. Strickland X. Give a description of: a) the literary society, b) the evening party at Stricklands’ XI. Translate the following sentences into English, using the active vocabulary: 1. Хотя старик и надоел ей до смерти, она никак не могла набраться храбрости и закончить утомительную беседу. 2. Боюсь, что никому не удастся пролить свет на это странное и таинственное дело. 3. Я прошу вас помочь ему, не потому что он гений, а потому что он человек, и он беден и болен сейчас. 4. “Ах, как это скучно сидеть и слушать твои нотации и упрёки!” 5. Никогда бы не подумала, что такой обыкновенный и спокойный с виду человек вдруг окажется способным на такую жестокую месть.

SECTION II

Chapters VIII–XIV (pp. 40–68)

Active Vocabulary

Words

1. average (adj) 2. to occur (v) 3. gossip (n) 4. jealousy (n) 5. suspicion (n) 6. luxurious (adj) 7. ludicrous (adj) 8. conscience (n)

Word-combinations

1. to rack one’s brains 2. to make a fool of oneself 3. to be in the way 4. to be taken aback 5. to draw in one’s horns 6. let bygones be bygones 7. to play a trick on smb 8. to be possessed

Exercises

I. Study the words of the active vocabulary and find sentences in the text in which they are used. Translate them into Russian. II. Study the word-combinations of the active vocabulary and recall the situations from the text in which they are used. III. Translate the following sentences into Russian: 1. Obviously, somebody managed to steal it, but I’ve racked my brains to think who and how. (R.Leigh) 2. It occurred to Mor that in a way he was sacrificing Felicity’s future to his own. (I.Murdoch) 3. Rather taken aback, Mr. Nilson ceased to smile and looked at the stranger. (J.Galsworthy) 4. Jenny, who was totally unconscious of the existence of the evidence of her duplicity, turned and was instantly possessed with the idea, that he had a certain suspicion and was about to visit his just wrath upon her. (Th. Driser) 5. This Bledyard did with a sort of slow deliberation, which made his utterance ludicrous. (I. Murdoch) 6. “ You seem to like making a fool of yourself”- she said. (W.S. Maugham) 7. “ You gave up a comfortable home a life as happy as the average. If you had your time over again, would you do what you did?” (W.S. Maugham) 8. I enjoy being with you, Madam, but I – I thought I might be in the way. (R. Leigh) IV. Match a word or phrase from the active vocabulary with the following definitions: 1. being suspicious of a rival 2. to come into smb’s mind 3. splendid and comfortable 4. to be an obstacle 5. ordinary, of usual standard 6. idle,(ill-natured) talk about other people’s affairs 7. to be surprised, puzzled 8. to commit a cunning action, to deceive smb. V. Paraphrase the following sentences, using the active vocabulary: 1. To tell you the truth, your offer surprised me so, that I could hardly utter a word. 2. She was afraid he would find her a bore. He was enjoying himself and she would only prevent him from doing so. 3. I should never have thought that he could evince such a raging mistrust to his wife. 4. She had been trying hard to think of anything that would humiliate that hateful man. 5. “ Do you mean that this very idea has just entered your head?!” 6. If you are going to deceive this decent lady, you’ll probably be a complete bastard!’ 7. I think he won’t get a promotion, because recently he’s shown less zeal of activity in the company. 8. “ Don’t be ridiculous, everyone laughs at your mad idea, which influence your mind so strong!” VI. Give a written translation of the paragraph, beginning with: “ And it was just that ….” up to “…they are convinced none with discover” (p.67) VII. Answer the questions: 1. Why was the narrator slightly shocked when he got to know that Strickland had run away from the family? 2. How was he received by Mrs. Strickland? 3. Why did Mrs. Strickland suspect that her husband had run away with a woman? 4. How did the narrator look upon his errand to go to Paris and have a talk with Strickland? 5. Was it easy for the narrator to find Strickland in Paris? 6. What kind of room did he find Strickland in? What did Strickland look like? 7. Why did Strickland feel no remorse towards his wife and children? How does that characterize him? 8. How did Strickland explain the reason of his deserting his family? VIII. Give a summary of chapters VIII-XIV. XI. Translate the following sentences into English, using the active vocabulary: 1. Он был одержим страстью творить и создавать красоту. 2. “Как такое могло прийти тебе на ум?! Неужели ты подозреваешь меня?” 3. Она была женщиной богатой с утонченным вкусом и всё, что её окружало, было роскошным и дорогим. 4. “Если ты намерен помешать мне, то можешь и не пытаться а то выставишь себя на посмешище!” 5. Такие неожиданные сплетни застали её врасплох, и она ломала голову, как же ей быть. 6. Неужели же ты помнишь ту дурацкую шутку? Я хочу попросить прощения, давай забудем прошлые обиды.

Section III

Chapters XV–XXII (pp. 69–95)

Active vocabulary

Words

1. catastrophe (n) 2. contempt (n) 3. malice (n) 4. ignorant (adj) 5. to disguise (v) 6. to irk (v) 7. dismay (n)

Word-combinations

1. to get the better of smth/ smb 2. to make head or tail of smth 3. to cast a spell over smb 4. to be inclined to do smth 5. to take smth/smb for granted 6. to become absorbed in smth 7. to seem (be) of no consequence

Exercises

I. Study the words of the active vocabulary and find sentences in the text in which they are used. Translate them into Russian. II. Study the word-combinations of the active vocabulary and recall the situations from the text in which they are used. III. Translate the following sentences into Russian: 1. As for Nicholas,he, too was silent, in the absorbtion of one who has much to think about; it was just possible, he considered, that the huntsman would escape with his hounds while the wolves feasted on the stricken stag. (H. Munro) 2. In the days before June’s engagement, when she and Mrs. Soames were always together, she had seen enough of Irene to feel the spell she cast over him. (J.Galsworthy) 3. For the astonishment and then the dismay that for an instant she could not conceal were quickly driven away, and her face assumed an expression of affable welcome. (W.S. Maugham) 4. Though, if passion should get the better of the public, and in its blind fury they should do the traducer bodily injury, it is but too obvious that no jury could convict and no court punish the perpetrators of the need. (M. Twain) 5. He looked at the handwriting again. It had seemed the perfection of ordinariness – anybody’s hand – so ordinary as perhaps to be disguised. (L.P. Hartley) 6. She is the victim of cruel poverty and ignorance, but I cannot pity her – she is white. (H. Lee) IV. Find a word from the active vocabulary to match the following definitions: 1. to conceal, to hide 2. a sudden happening that causes great suffering and destruction; a great disaster. 3. scorn, disdain 4. to be unimportant, not to matter much 5. to be able to understand smth 6. to have a feeling or idea; to tend, to be disposed 7. to annoy, to irritate V. Fill in the blanks with the words and word-combinations of the active vocabulary. Translate them into Russian: 1. His fellow-students made no secret of their………for him. 2. I don’t know exactly, but I’m ………..to think that all this has been made to disguise some drawbacks of the plan. 3. He doesn’t seem to be serious about your project, I think it……………. 4. No one expected such a…………., he was the only one,who foresaw such an outcome and ………… 5. The girl paid no attention to the people around her, she was completely………….in her new picture-book. 6. He felt, he was head over heels in love with her, as if she, like a fairy ……….. 7. A mixed feeling of ……….and contempt flooded him for a minute. VI. Recall, who and under what circumstances said the following words. Say, how they characterize a person. 1. – Haven’t you been in love since you come to Paris? - I haven’t got time for that sort of nonsense. Life isn’t long enough for love and art. 2. “ Why did I always think your pictures beautiful, Dirk? I admired them the very first time I saw them.” 3. “….I know all the chief dramatists, and I could get her a part tomorrow, but I shouldn’t like her to mix with all sorts of people.” VII. Give a written translation of the paragraph beginning with the words: “ Meanwhile, he had never ceased to work at his art…….” p.90 VIII. Answer the questions: 1. Why did the narrator make a conclusion that Mrs. Strickland was a women of character? 2. Why did the narrator decide to live in Paris for a while? 3. What kind of man was Dirk Stroeve? 4. What impression did his wife produce upon the narrator? 5. How did the narrator come to meet Strickland again? 6. What changes did the narrator notice in Strickland and what did these changes suggest? 7. What distinguished Strickland from other Englishmen? 8. What kind of life did Strickland live in Paris? Did he make any money by his painting? 9. What was Strickland’s attitude to fame? IX. Discuss the characters of: a) Mrs. Strickland b) Dirk Stroeve and his wife c) Strickland X. Translate the following sentences into English, using the active vocabulary: 1. Он даже и не пытался скрыть свои чувства. В его взгляде была злоба и ненависть. 2. Я не собирался расспрашивать его о подробностях, но затем любопытство взяло вверх, и я заговорил с ним. 3. “Как можно быть таким невежественным!” – воскликнула она, не скрывая неприязни. 4. Похоже, она вас очаровала. На вашем месте я бы не доверял ей, мне кажется, она собирается перехитрить всех нас. 5. Его презрение не имело для нее особого значения, а его раздражало ее безразличие.

Section IV

Chapter XXIII–XXXII (pp 95–128)

Active Vocabulary

Words

1. to swear (v) 2. to frequent (v) 3. to perceive (v) 4. outcast (n) 5. perplexity (n) 6. sensuality (n) 7. humiliation (n) 8. vanity (n)

Word-combinations

1. to be hard up 2. to take offense 3. to stir a finger to do something 4. to be on the verge of 5. to pull oneself together 6. to do somebody a good (bad) turn 7. to hold one’s tongue 8. to be devoid of something 9. to be at hand

Exercises

I. Study the words of the active vocabulary and find the sentences in text in which they are used. Translate them into Russian. II. Study the word-combination of the active vocabulary and recall the situations from the text in which they are used. III. Translate the following sentences into Russian. 1. And if a man is a dear old pal, it stands to reason that he will be delighted to do a fellow a good turn. (P.G. Wodehouse) 2. She clenched her hands in order to prevent herself from telling him to hold his silly tongue. (W.S. Maugham) 3. It appears that he was hard up, we found several pawn tickets at his room; his account at the bank is overdrawn. (J. Galsworthy) 4. She was indolent, passive, the caustic, even called her dull; but dressed like an idol, hung with pearls, growing younger and blonder and more beautiful each year, she throwned in Mr. Beaufort’s heavy brown-stone palace, and drew all the world without stirring her jeweled little finger. (E. Wharton) 5. My mother lived in the same street she had lived in for the last twenty years, a street of drab houses all highly respectable and devoid of any kind of beauty and interest. (A. Christie) 6. Andy, by this time, had pulled herself together and dried her tears. (M. Malcolm) 7. “You, you, you,” she cried, her lip trembling like a child’s on the verge of tears. (E. Wharton) IV. Choose a word from the active vocabulary to match the following. 1. the experience of feeling helpless or stupid, especially in front of other people 2. someone, who is rejected by a group of people. 3. to have very little money 4. solemnly promise to do something. 5. a feeling of pride about your appearance or abilities. 6. something bad that people cannot tolerate or accept. 7. to be upset by something that someone says or does. 8. to be about to do something or to be about to happen V. Complete the sentences using active vocabulary. 1. She looked at us in some..... 2. It should mean that Peru, so long an..... from the international community will be able to re-establish relations with the industrial world. 3. He was always quick to..... 4. I can’t stand people who are completely..... of humor. 5. The prisoners suffered constant public..... VI. Comment on the following sentence: 1. There is no cruelty greater than....(p.124) VII. Ask questions covering the content of the text you’ve read using the words and word combinations. VIII. Answer the questions. 1. Was Strickland a man without any conception of gratitude and compassion? 2. Do you think Blanche Stroeve was really in love with Srrickland? 3. Was Strickland capable of love? 4. When Blanche abandoned him Stroeve bore himself most unbecominghly. Do you approve of him? 5. What is the author’s conception of love? IX. Translate the following sentences into English: 1. Хотя она очень нуждалась в деньгах, она была слишком гордa, чтобы брать в долг. 2. Не стерпев такого унижения, Мэри выбежала из комнаты вся в слезах. 3. Не советую тебе рассчитывать на Андрея. Он и пальцем не пошевелит, чтобы помочь тебе. 4. Она была готова расплакаться, но через минуту смогла взять себя в руки и успокоиться. 5. Неужели ты не можешь хоть раз придержать свой язык!

Section V

Chapters XXXIII-XLII (pp 128-159)

Active Vocabulary

Words

1. nude adj. 2. acid n 3. vocal cords n 4. sacrifice v 5. triumph n 6. disconcerting adj. 7. peculiar adj.

Word combination

1. to go out of one’s way to do something 2. to run a risk of doing something 3. to commit suicide 4. to get (put) something out of one’s mind 5. to be beside oneself 6. to make one’s heart sick I. Study the words of the active vocabulary and find the sentences in text in which they are used. Translate them into Russian. II. Study the word-combination of the active vocabulary and recall the situations from the text in which they are used. III. Translate the following sentences into Russian. 1. 1.”Well, what do you think of Jane now?” he said to me once, with boyish triumph. (W. S. Maugham) 2. The interview, considering the circumstances, was very circumspect. She was told that she would be nude throughout the performance. (J. Cheever) 3. It was the same Jane as I had known before, perfectly simple, homely & unaffected, but her fantastic appearance certainly gave a peculiar savour to what she said. (W. S. Maugham) 4. When the time came for the actual moving Mrs. Gerhardt was fairly beside herself with joy, for was not this the realization of her dreams? (Th. Dreiser) 5. He found himself now in the embarrassing position of one who must pay a compliment or run a risk of losing a good thing. (J. Galsworthy)

IV. Paraphrase the following using active vocabulary

1. Great success; a feeling of great satisfaction when you win or achieve something 2. Something that makes you feel worried, be embarrassed 3. People who deliberately kill themselves 4. To stop thinking about something 5. To be at pains to do something V. Make up your own sentences with the active words VI. Match the two parts

1. I scarcely know how 2. He must know better than I 3. He told us that 4. It was curious 5. She was pleased 6. His wife’s tidiness was one of the traits 7. Steve was trying to express a feeling 8. I think that it’s terrible

a) if we came at a certain hour the next day, it might be possible for her husband to see her. b) that she should have been deprived of it in that cruel world. c) we got through that day. d) how great were her powers of self-control. e) which had so much pleased him. f) which he had never known before. g) that her son should be an artist. h) that she should not wish to see him.