 ПОЗНАВАТЕЛЬНОЕ
| Why Should We Study Economics?
Why should we study Economics? In the first place it may be said that economics is a training in clear thinking. It enables us to trace cause and effect carefully. It teaches us to consider alternatives. Secondly, knowledge of economics may enable us to earn living. Thirdly, businessmen require a knowledge of the economic problems that relate to their particular enterprises. A businessman has to adjust himself to changes in the supply of land, labour or capital required for his organisation. He has to endeavour to obtain maximum efficiency in production. He has to know the ”ins and outs” of business economics if he expects to survive. Fourthly, intelligent citizenship calls for some familiarity with economic problems. Today, there is large-scale collective actions in industry and government. Social security schemes may be the concern of millions of individuals in a nation. People are upon to vote, directly or indirectly, on matters of the greatest economic significance. A fifth argument in favour of the study of economics has to do with its general cultural value. Economic discourse has become involved in economic argument. Wherever one goes, one may become involved in economic argument. Not only in the classroom, but in the restaurant , on the train, or at the golf club, one is expected to know something about the trend in the cost of living or the dangers of an inflated currency or the seriousness of the unemployment situation. The great Einstein once said: ”Economic institutions exist for man and not man for economic institutions”. It is our task then to study these institutions since they have been designed for our good, to reform them when they need reforming, and it necessary to eliminate such of them as may have outlived their usefulness.
My Speciality I study at the Accounting Economic Department of the State Tax Service Academy of Ukraine . This Department is one of the oldest departments of our Institute. It trains highly qualified, specialist with deep knowledge, in economics, organisation and management of production, accountancy, the analysis of economic activity, etc. A part from the Accounting Economic Department there is the Finance Economic Department. It is not so old as the Accounting Economic Department, but it is the longest as to the number of students, studying there. My friends studies there. We study general and special subjects. Among the special subjects, the following may be named: Accountancy, Statistics, Management, Marketing, Finance, Budget, etc. What is Accounting? Accounting is the process of identifying, collecting, measuring and reporting information on business activity. Thus, it is possible to speak about three functions of accounting: 1) reporting on past operations of the enterprise, company, firm, etc.; 2) revealing the extent to which past activities deviated from budgeted plans; 3) planning and budgeting future activities of the enterprise, company, firm, etc. What is Finance? Finance is the function in a business that is responsible for acquiring funds for the firm and managing funds within the firm (for example, preparing budgets, doing cash flow analyses) and planning for the expenditures of funds on such assets as plant, equipment and machinery. Most organisations have a manager in charge of financial operations. His duties are: planning, budgeting, obtaining funds, controlling funds (funds management), collecting funds (credit management), auditing, managing taxes and advising top management on financial matters. Can you see the link between accounting and finance? They are mutually supportive functions in a firm. A firm cannot get along without accounting but neither, can it prosper without short- and long-term financing, managing its funds well, minimising its taxes, and investing, its funds properly. The tasks of all the economists are to use the new economic activity effectively, as well as new economic levers and stimuli. The subjects studied orient the future specialists to the broad use of electronic and computational techniques. The graduates of the economic departments will work at different accounting offices, departments, banks, ministries, etc.
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